The Effect of Mobile Phone Use on Pregnant Women: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

The ubiquity of mobile phone usage has sparked widespread interest in its potential health effects, especially among vulnerable populations such as pregnant women. Mobile phones emit radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) and are associated with behavioral and physiological changes due to prolonged screen exposure, sleep disruption, and thermal effects. This review examines current human and animal studies related to the effects of mobile phone exposure during pregnancy. Key concerns include increased risk of miscarriage, adverse fetal growth, altered biochemical markers, and potential neurodevelopmental impacts on offspring. While conclusive causal links remain elusive, emerging evidence justifies a precautionary approach, especially during critical windows of fetal development. This article discusses mechanisms, limitations of current research, and practical recommendations for risk reduction.