World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT OF ORNIDAZOLE BY COMPLEXATION WITH BETA CYCLODEXTRIN.

2025-07-10T07:01:38+00:00

This research explores the formulation of fast dissolving tablets enriched with beta cyclodextrin (β-CD) to augment dissolution characteristics. Beta cyclodextrin β-CD, a cyclic oligosaccharide, offers a unique molecular cavity that accommodates drug molecules, thereby enhancing their solubility and bioavailability. Various formulations were prepared and assessed for parameters including disintegration time, dissolution rate, and drug content uniformity. Results demonstrate that the inclusion of β-CD significantly improves dissolution rates, leading to enhanced drug release compared to conventional tablets. Optimized formulations exhibit rapid disintegration, facilitating swift drug delivery.

FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF LURASIDONE ORAL THIN FILMS

2025-07-10T07:04:54+00:00

Fast dissolving drug delivery system offers a solution for those patients having difficulty in swallowing tablets/capsules. The present research work is to develop oral thin films of Lurasidone by using solvent casting method. Oral thin films were developed by using various super disintegrants like Lycoat and Ludiflash in different concentrations with Xanthan Gum, Poly vinyl alcohol as a film forming agents and Propylene Glycol as Plasticizer. The prepared formulations of films were evaluated for film thickness measurement, folding endurance study, in-vitro disintegration time, in-vitro drug release pattern (in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer). Drug content, and drug-polymers interaction study (IR spectroscopy). Among all formulations, the formulation (F12) prepared by 180 mg of Lycoat show good drug release (99.37±1.45%).

ADVANCEMENTS IN BIOSENSOR TECHNOLOGIES: FROM NANOBIOSENSORS TO BIOCOMPATIBLE AND OPTICAL SYSTEMS FOR CLINICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS

2025-07-17T10:11:04+00:00

Biosensor technology has progressed enormously over the past few years, mainly due to the merger of advanced materials, nanotechnology, and design strategies. This systematic review aims to provide a broad synthesis of the current research landscape, spanning an array of studies addressing the advances and applied aspects of biosensors in a variety of sectors. Biosensors with their unique ability to detect biological analytes with high sensitivity and specificity have become indispensable in clinical diagnostics, where fast and accurate detection of diseases, biomarkers, and pathogens is crucial. For environmental monitoring, biosensors are indispensable in the detection of pollutants, toxins, and pathogens, thus allowing real-time monitoring of air, water, and soil quality. On the other hand, wearable biosensors have changed the paradigm for personal health management by continuously monitoring vital signs, glucose levels, and other parameters. This review discusses material innovations including graphene, nanomaterials, and molecular imprinted polymers, as well as design innovations like miniaturization, wireless capabilities, and integration with AI for enhanced data processing. By synthesizing developments across these diverse applications, this review aims to identify trends, challenges, and future prospects in this ever-changing field of biosensor technology.

BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN MEDICINAL PLANTS DUE TO EXPOSURE TO PESTICIDES

2025-07-17T10:08:46+00:00

Pesticides are essential for agricultural pest management and crop protection, but their use often results in unanticipated biochemical changes in medicinal plants that could jeopardise their safety and effectiveness. This study outlines the current understanding of the biochemical alterations caused by pesticide exposure in medicinal plants, with a focus on alterations in primary and secondary metabolites, oxidative stress responses, and detoxification systems.
Pesticides that can interfere with plant metabolism and significantly change the production of bioactive compounds include insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. Changes in primary metabolites, such as proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, may have an effect on the growth and development of plants. More significantly, both quantitative and qualitative alterations are often observed in the secondary metabolites—alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, and glycosides—that confer medicinal properties to plants. According to some study, pesticide-induced toxicity may result in a drop in some secondary metabolites, whereas defensive responses may cause them to rise.
Pesticide exposure induces oxidative stress in plants, leading to an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In order to fight oxidative damage, medicinal plants activate antioxidant defence mechanisms, which include enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase) and non-enzymatic (ascorbic acid, glutathione, phenolic substances) antioxidants. The degree of oxidative stress and the efficiency of the antioxidant response are influenced by the type, concentration, and duration of pesticide exposure.
Additionally, pesticides affect the detoxification processes of plants, particularly the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, which degrade and eliminate toxic chemicals. These biochemical alterations may raise or lower a plant's therapeutic value, depending on how detoxification and metabolic disruption are managed.
Since changing phytochemical profiles may impact therapeutic efficacy, potency, and safety, these alterations have important ramifications for herbal therapy. Furthermore, users of therapeutic plants may be at risk for health problems due to pesticide residues. In order to ensure that medicinal plants continue to provide therapeutic benefits while posing the fewest risks to human health, this study emphasises the need for sustainable agricultural practices, strict pesticide regulations, and additional research to evaluate the long-term biochemical effects on medicinal plants.